全程责任制助产的临床意义

目的:了解为产妇提供产时"全程责任制助产"的个性化服务,对产妇妊娠结局的影响,以及对提高产科护理质量的意义.方法:将114例住院分娩的初产妇随机分为"全程组"与常规待产组(对照组),"全程组"是指在导乐的基础上实行一名助产士专门为一名产妇提供全过程(宫口开大2cm至产后2h)的服务和指导.结果:"全程组"与对照组的产程时间、分娩方式、产后出血率,均有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:"全程"责任制助产有利于提高产科质量,护理满意度调查平均达98%,值得推广应用.     

影响下尿路尿动力学检查准确性的因素及护理措施

笔者通过对270例患者进行尿动力学检查,认为环境、病人的配合程度、检查体位、导管的型号、膀胱灌注情况及护士操作技术、服务态度对尿动力学检查有一定的影响。针对影响因素采取护理措施:积极创造良好的检查环境,加强对患者的宣教与沟通,正确放置体位和选择导管、冲洗液的速度,操作护士熟练的技术和人性化服务,是获得准确检查结果的关键。     

腰大池持续外引流的临床观察与护理

笔者报道72例腰大池持续外引流病人的观察与护理。认为对于腰穿持续外引流的病人，观察脑脊液的性质、量，严密观察病情变化，加强引流管的护理及基础护理，增强营养，是提高治愈率，减少并发症的重要措施。     

妇科腹腔镜手术患者的整体护理

目的：探讨妇科腹腔镜手术前后的护理方法。方法：回顾性分析我院应用腹腔镜行妇科手术52例患者的临床护理过程。结果：本组52例妇科腹腔镜手术患者全部康复出院，对护士的精心护理感到非常满意。结论：妇科患者腹腔镜手术通过适当的整体护理措施能够使其早日康复。     

心理护理在术前访视中的应用

目的消除手术患者的不良心理刺激,防止身心疾病的发生,提高患者对手术的耐受性。方法在术前访视中通过心理调查表了解到患者存在的心理问题,运用个性化的心理护理的方法,帮助患者解答心理问题,减轻心理负担,轻松愉快地接受手术治疗。结果在术前访视中运用个性化的心理护理,很大程度上拉近了护患之间的距离,提高了患者对医务人员的信赖,使患者对手术的耐受性大大提高。结论在术前访视中做好患者的心理护理,消除患者对手术的顾虑是提高手术成功率的有效措施。     

The role of the nurse in health promotion

This paper describes and discusses issues concerned with therole of the nurse in health promotion work. It represents thefirst phase of a research project designed to explore this role,and presents the evolving philosophical framework for the study.The study is taking place currently in the United Kingdom andhas been made possible by the (first) award of a Post DoctoralNursing Research Fellowship to the project director. Against the backdrop of the World Health Organization's ‘Healthfor All by the year 2000’ (WHO HFA 2000) movement therehave been repeated calls for nurses to be the leaders in healthpromotion. Policy makers and educators have responded to thesecalls by claiming a central role for nursing and putting healthpromotion high on policy and training agendas. Very little attention,however, has been devoted to exploring the legitimacy and developmentof this role in nursing. Generally, nurses seem enthusiasticabout health promotion, and sure that they have a role to play.What is less certain is what this role is. The study seeks toclarify this by exploring policy, behaviour, and attitudes.Policy provides the framework for practice, and operates ata number of levels. In this early paper we review the literatureto explore policy and practice from international to grassrootslevels. We also make some initial observation derived from ourpilot work.     

走出低谷──再谈渐进式责任制护理

渐进式责任制护理是据国情产生的一个新生事物。其特征是全员参与，在完成功能制工作之后，每位护士负责一位重危病人的护理。其护理内容完全按照责任制护理进行。其不足之处是人员素质的差异，使责任制护理质量有别。不过，可随着条件的成熟，不断得到改进。     

Paradigms for mental health nursing: fragmentation or integration?

Debate about the best paradigm for mental health nursing is compounded by threats from mainstreaming and genericism. In nursing education, integrated practice may have been devalued in a matrix of reductionist disciplines. The 'gendered' nature of professional knowledge may create a schismatic and self-defeating attitude in nurses. Conversely, nurses may be exhorted to adopt a 'male' paradigm in order to gain academic credibility, in which the caring dimension may be lost. Other polarities such as ideological distinctions between treatment in hospital and care in the community lead to conceptual confusion. These schisms in care are detrimental to both professionals and users. The writers argue that these tensions may be addressed in an 'androgenous' model which presents a challenge to both value systems, rejects the dominance of schismatic models, and offers the potential for a new professional integrity.